Test Code

I PD-1

Associations

CD28 family of receptors, CTLA-4 cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, ICOS inducible costimulator, and B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator.

Methodology

Immunohistochemistry, Technical component (TC) available
This assay utilizes the NAT105 mouse monoclonal antibody for immunohistochenical detection of the immune regulatory molecule programmed death-1 (PD-1).

Turnaround Time

2 days

Specimen Requirements

Paraffin embedded tissue block
3 slides (3-5 uM) per marker on adhesion glass

Specimen Stability

Storage & Handling

Ship ambient. Protect from extreme temperature with ice pack. Separate ice pack from specimen.

Causes for Rejection

Improper specimen labeling; Insufficient sample; Inadequate fixation and/or processing

Reference Range

Quantitative in Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs): Cut off POSITIVE in =/>1% of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs); NEGATIVE (no reactivity in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, <1%)

Qualitative PD-1 immunoreactivity is demonstrated in x% of lymphocytes

Description

Detection of PD-1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry has utility in both hematopathology diagnostics and in cancer biology.  The programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein is expressed by follicular helper T-cells, and is useful in the diagnosis of hematolymphoid malignancies such as angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL).  In addition, clinical evidence suggests that IHC staining of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may have prognostic and/or therapeutic significance in some cancer patients.

References

1. Yaxiong Zhang et al. 2015. Prognostic Significance of Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1) or PD-1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression in Epithelial-Originated Cancer A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 94(6): e515.
2. Taube JM et al. 2014. Association of PD-1, PD-1 ligands, and other features of the tumor immune microenvironment with response to anti-PD-1 therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 1;20(19):5064-74.
3. Thompson RH et al. 2007. PD-1 is expressed by tumor-infiltrating immune cells and is associated with poor outcome for patients with renal cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 15;13(6):1757-61.